Are you aware than a contract need not be in
writing? Oral commitments or actions made during certain situations can also be legally binding. The question then is under
what circumstances will an oral statement lead to legal obligations?
Do you know what constitutes a contract? Do you know that an offer can also be binding even
if it was never written on paper? Do you know that a contract need not be in writing?
There are a number of terms which you will need to understand:
1. What is an offer?
An offer is an expression made by one individual to another. It can be to another individual,
a group of individuals or to the world at large. It offers the promise of being bound as longer as the specified terms are
accepted. It can be oral, written or via conduct.
2. What
is an acceptance?
An acceptance
takes place when there is a final and unqualified express of agreement to the terms of the offer. Acceptance must be communicated
to the offeror. Unless Postal Acceptance Rule apply, acceptance must be made either through fax, telex or face to face. In
the case of acceptance by post, an acceptance of offer is made once the letter is posted, even if the letter was lost in the
mail.
3. What is a contract?
A contract occurs when an offer is accepted. And unless required
by law, a contract need not be in writing. All contracts are agreement giving rise to obligations which are enforced or recognized
at law. However, not all agreements are contracts as a valid contract must possess all the following element; offer, acceptance,
intention to create legal relations, capacity and consideration.
However, there are 4 types of contracts that are considered illegal.
- Gaming & wagering contracts
- Contracts
contrary to public policy
- Contracts illegal in performance
- Contracts in restraint of trade (for sale
of business and employment contracts)
During
the course of negotiating the contract, many statements would have been made. Some would be legally binding whilst others
are not. There are a number of factors which could potentially legally bind a statement.
- The closer the statement was made to the conclusion of the contract, the more likely it is
to be binding.
- If the maker
of the statement has greater knowledge concerning the statement compared to the other party, it is more likely the statement
is binding.
- The greater the emphasis
placed by a party to the contract, the more likely the statement is binding
- If an oral statement is later set down in writing, then it is more likely to have become contractually
binding
- If the maker of the statement
invited the other party to verify the truth of the statement made (e.g. “Why don’t you get an independent party
to verify if you don’t believe me”), then the statement is more likely to be a representation and may give rise
to a course of action in misrepresentation if false.
Therefore, do be mindful about how you put things across to the parents of your daycare children because you
could be legally bound to fulfill it, whether or not it has been written on paper.
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